ABSTRACT
The content of optical isomerism is the difficult point of organic chemistry teaching, and so case-based learning (CBL), theoretical-experimental integration teaching method and micro class teaching methods are tried to be used in classroom teaching according to the actual teaching situations. For CBL teaching method, the course is guided by the step of introduction-question-discussion and summary-exten-sions; For theoretical-experimental integration teaching method, combined with the theory class, the two experiments including the determination of optical rotation and organic molecular model are set for the opti-cal isomer content, to enhance the students' understanding of theoretical knowledge through the hands-on operation;For micro class teaching method, the key and difficult points of this chapter are dug out and about 10 minutes of video are recorded by using common video software before class, which are introduced in the classroom or provided to students after class for repeated watching, to deepen the students' understanding of the concept and phenomenon of optical isomers. In brief, it is important to combine various teaching method to improve the classroom instructing effectively and stimulate the students' interest in organic chemistry.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation of hippocampal synaptic plasticity with spatial learning and memory under normal and pathological condition,and provide experimental evidence for the coincidence of hippocampal late-phase long-term potentiation (L-LTP) and behavioral experiments.Methods 38 SD rats were randomly divided into two groups,control and AD model.First,Morris water maze was used to test the ability of spatial learning and memory of rats.The escape latencies for rats to search for an underwater platform in 5 days of navigation tests and the swimming time percentage in target qtuadrant on the 6th day after withdrawing the platform in probe trails were recorded.Then,in vivo hippocampus L-LTP of field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP)in CA1 region was recorded after delivering high frequency stimulation (HFS).ResultsBilateral intrahippocampal injection of 4 nmol amyloid β peptide ( Aβ 25-35 ) significantly impaired spatial learning and memory of rats in water maze tests,as well as in vivo hippocampal L-LTP.In control group,there was a significant negative correlation between the amplitude of fEPSP and the escape latency ( r =-0.8306,P ＜ 0.01 ) and a significant positive correlation between the amplitude of fEPSP and the swimming time percentage in target quadrant ( r=0.7709,P＜0.01 ).In AD model group,similar correlations were found,with a correlation coefficient of r =-0.7675 (P ＜0.01 ) and r =0.8049 (P ＜ 0.01 ),respectively.When putting all data from the two groups together,the hippocampal L-LTP was more correlated with escape latency ( r =-0.9124,P ＜ 0.01 ) and swimming time percentage ( r=0.9745,P＜0.01).ConclusionThere is very close correlation between the hippocampal L-LTP and the spatial learning and memory behavior in rats,suggesting that the hippocampal L-LTP may be involved in the electrophysiological mechanism of spatial learning and memory in rats,and the impairment of L-LTP could partly represent the deficits in cognitive function of animals.
ABSTRACT
In order to synthetically train students to do scientific researches independently,inspire their enthusiasm and go-aheadism about study,and improve the quality of experimental teaching,we have been exploring to update experimental content and reform experimental system for many years,and have commenced a number of "Series Experiments".The setup of"Series Experiments" which means several separate experiments are organized together by their internal relations has already showed us a favorable effect.
ABSTRACT
Aim To observe the effects of flavonoids,including galangin(G),kaempferol(K),apigenin(A),morin(M),quercetin(Q) and myricetin(MY),on myocardial apoptosis induced by H2O2,and explore the possible mechanism.Methods Primary cultured cardiocytes of neonatal rat were randomly divided into normal group,model group,and flavonoids group.Fluorescent staining,electrophoresis and Western-blot were employed to observe the cardiocyte apoptosis and proteins expression.Results Exposure to 100 ?mol?L-1 H2O2 for 16 h resulted in myocardial apoptosis significantly(P